Building construction



April l0, 1945. v w. v'. MYER 21,373,409 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 27, 1942 l0 SheebS-Shee`i1 l M//L 5a/e IZ MYER,

j/9.2. l B). 'QM m.

. WWW

April 10, 1945. w. v MYER 2,373,409

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 4 Filed Feb. 27, 1942 1o sheets-sheet 24 7 Inventor l/1// @up I7 MMR,

By l y i EMU@ April l0, 1945. w. v. MYER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION l0 Shets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 27, 1942 Invent/1r -April l0, 1945.

W. V. MYER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. .27', 1942 l0 SheetS-Sheei'I 4 Inventor J4/1y. f2. y Wu 5a@ Vi M ya?,

MMS

April 10, 1945. I wv, MYER y 't 2,373,409

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb.' 2v', 1942 1o sheets-sheet 5 L@ Inventar W/L 50@ V MYER,

l and/weymm April .10, 1945.

w. y. MYER lBUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 27', 1942 1o sheets-sheet e Inventor Wu Ba' T/ MYER,`

. 22m l WWW April 10, 1945- w. v MYER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 27, l1942 1o sheets-sheet 7 I 11 zfelzlor April 10, 1945. w. v. MYER BUILDING vcoNsTRUcz'rIoNI l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 Inventor Filed Feb. 27, 1942 April l0, 1945. w. v. MYER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 I 111 'eli for Filed Feb. 2'7, 1942 April l0, 1945. w. v. MYER y BUILDING CONSTRUCTION l0 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Feb. 27, 1942 Inventor )./z//mm If.' Mme,

l BJ' do/zm. WW MLy/Qs Patented Apr. l0, 1945V BunmNG coNs'rauc'rroN Wilbur V. Myer, San Diego, Calif.

Application February 27, 1942. Serial No. 432,698

l Claim.

The present invention relates to new and useful improvements in building construction and has for its primary object to provide a method o f constructing buildings of. precast umts including wall, ceiling, lloor and roof units, and in which all of the units entering into the construction of the building may be precast either on the site or remote from the site and embodying means for assembling and securing the several units into a strong, durable, and attractive building.

including integrally cast inner and outer spaced Wall sections to` provide an insulating air space therebetween. the wall being formed of plastic material and adapted to have facing stones embedded in the outer surface thereof.

Another object is to provide reinforcing means for the wall sections and also embodying means for securing the abutting edges of the wall Bections rigidly together.

Another object is to provide novel means fo anchoring the floorl and ceiling umts to the wall units.

A further object is to provide a novel founda tion construction as well as a novel roof con.-

struction, all formed of precast units.

An additional object is to provide sliding windows and doors adaptedfor movement into and out of position in recesses in the walls of the building.

An additional object is to provide a building construction which may be built of curved as well as straight walls, which is completely reproof, in which theA units forming the structure may be assembled without the need of skilled labor and which is otherwise economical to construct.

Other objects and advantages reside inthe details of construction as 'more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming Dart hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view.

Figure 2 is a top plan view.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the floor with the roo removed.

Figure 4 is a detail, with partsin section of one of the connecting links for the iloor units at opposite sides of a partition wall.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the roof structure.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially onalinet-ofFlgure.

ll One of the important objects of the present invention is to provide wall units for the building Figure 'l is a fragmentary pian view of the roof construction.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the foundation. Figure 9 is a similar view of the foundation for the partition wall.

Figure l0 is a fragmentary top plan view of the partition wall.

Figure ll is a fragmentary detail. with parts in section of .the anchoring means between the partition wall and one of the exterior walls.

tFigure l2 is a fragmentary top plan view there o f Figure 13 is an edge elevational view of one of the outer wall units.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary elevational view of the inside of said wail unit.

Figure 15 is a vertical transverse sectional view of one of the outer wall units. Figure 16 is a fragmentary top plan view of one end of one wall unit. Y v

Figure 17 is a similar view of an adjoining right angle wall unit.

Figure 18 is a similar view of the two units in a connected relation.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary. sectional view through the ceiling and ceiling beams. v

Figure 20 is a fragmentary side elevational view of one of the beams.

Figure 21 is a horizontal sectional view through a window opening showing the sliding windows therein.

Figure 22 is a view in elevation of the window Openin.

Figure 23 is a similar view of a door opening. Figure 24 is a sectional view taken substantially on a line 'Ml-24 of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a fragmentary sectional view of a construction for tying the abutting edges ofthe walls of a. larger building construction.

, Figure 26 is a fragmentary elevational view of a modified wall construction.

Figure 27 is a vertical sectional view thereof. 45 Figure 28 is a fragmentary plan view of the corner of the building illustrating one form of corner protector.

Figure 29 is a. similar view showing a caulking strip for the adjoining edges of the wall.

Figure 30 is a fragmentary top plan view of the connected edges of a pair of wall units allowing a caulking strip-therefor.

.Figure 31 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating a modiiied tie rod construction for the corner of the building.

Figure 33 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a, demountable wall unit.

Figure 34 is a similar view of a partition wall for the demountable or portable building construction. Y

Figure 35 is a similar view of a modified construction of fire wall for the portable building.

Figure 36 is a similar view of one of the inner partitions therefor, and

Figure 37 is a vertical sectional view of a modified anchoring construction for the walls of a portable building.

Referring now to thedrawings in detail, the invention comprises a building which includes a foundation 5 of concrete or similar construction on which is supported the outer walls 8 having the roof structure designated generally at 1 supported thereon. The foundation 5 and side walls 6 are integrally cast, as shown to advantage in Figures 8, 13 and 14 of the drawings. and each of the side walls includes an outer main wall section 8 and an integrally cast inner wallsection 9 spaced from the main wall section to provide an air space I therebetween which is closed at its bottom, as shown to advantage in Figure l5. The inner wall section il terminates below the top of the main outer wall section 8 and provides a shoulder II on which the edge of the ceiling unit I2 is supported.

The foundation 5 is of a width greater than the wall sections 6 to provide a shoulder I3 on which the edge of the floor units I4 are supported.

The building also includes an inner partition I5 supported on a foundation I5 to separate the building-into rooms as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings.

The main wall section 8 is provided with reinforcing rods I1, it being understood that the wall units as we li'as the partition, oorV and ceiling units are constructed of precast plastic material and the main wall section as well as the inner wall section 9 are connected by reinforcing stirrups I8 arranged at vertically spaced intervals to prevent separation of the wall sections.

Each of the oor units I 4 have reinforcing rods I3 positioned therein, one end of the rod terminating in a recess formed in the oor unit and formed into an eye 2l for receiving a pin 22 which is also inserted through the eye portion 23 of a rod 24 embedded in the wall unit.

Transverse openings 25 are formed in the inner partition I5 adjacent the base i6 and through which links 26 are positioned having sockets 21 at the ends thereof for threaded engagement with the rods I9. The partition I5, as well as the base, also has reinforcing rods 28 and 28, respectively, therein, having eyes 30 and 3l at the ends of the rods for receiving pins 32 and 33 engaging rods 34 and 35 embedded in the side walls.

ing overlapping rods and 4i provided with eyes for receiving pins 42.

In the lower portion of the inner wall section 9 are formed a plurality of clean-out openings 43 for removing the casting sand after the wall is set to form the air space I0 between the wall sections.

As shown in Figures 2l and 22 of the drawings, the wail units may be formed with window openings 44 in one edge of which are formed a plurality of recesses or pockets 45 and 46. the pocket 45 being adapted to slidablyreceive a shutter 41 while the pocket 46 is adapted to slidably receive a window sash 48. The edges of -the window opening opposite from .the pockets 45 and 48 are also formed with shallow recesses or pockets 48 and to accommodate the edges of the shuutter and the window when the same are in closed poy sition. The edges of the recesses 46 and 53 for the window may also be provided with weather stripping '5I of a suitable character. The pocket 46 is sealed from the adjacent dead air chamber I0 by means of a lining strip of sheet metal 46' having its vertical edges embedded in the wall sections 8 and 3.

outwardly of the shutter 41 a metal screen frame 52 may also be mounted -in the window opening.

A door opening 53 is also provided having a re-A cess or pocket 54 in one side edge thereof for slidably receiving the door 55 and screen 58.

Tracks 51 and 58 are suspended from the upper edge of the pocket 54 by rods 58 and 6I! embedded in the wall and secured in position by reinforcing rods 8|. Brackets 62 and 63 extend upwardly from .the door 55 and the screen 56, respectively, and on which are journaled rollers 54 and 65 for travelling in the tracks 51 and 58.

The roof construction is illustrated in detail in 40 Figures 5, 6 and '1 and embodies a. plurality of a cap 13.

The ends of the wall sections 8 are formed with I vertical grooves 36 having eyes 31 positioned therein formed on the ends of the reinforcing rods I1. The ends of the walls at the corners of the building are beveled as shown at 36 in Figures 16, 17 and 18 and the eyes 31 of the abutting walls are adapted for positioning in aligned overlapping relation for receiving vertical rods or pins 39 inserted therethrough for anchoring the edges of the walls together.

The roof I-beams I2 are supported on the shoulders II of the main wall section 8 and the inner wall section 9, the beams and the wall hav- The underside of the roof may be supported by a brace construction indicated generally at 14 which is bolted to the partition I5 as at 15.

The ceiling construction is illustrated in detail in Figures 19 and 20 and includes the beams I2 of substantially I-beam construction having the reinforcing rods 16 therein as well as the reinforcing brace member 11 which includes upper and lower longitudinal members 18 connected by inclined brace members 19.

The lower edges of the beams I2 are provided with shoulders on which the upwardly offset edges 8| of ceiling pans 32 are supported. When the pans 82 are positioned between the b eams, the same are then covered with a layer of cement or concrete 83, the concrete having reinforcing rods 84 extending therethrough and also extending through openings 85-in the beams I2.

. In Figure 28 of the drawings, I have illustrated ametal corner protector 86 for the outer corners of the walls 6, the protector being substantially in the form of a U-shaped clip having the edges cent surfaces of the walls, the protectors serving as a weather strip to prevent the entrance of water in the edges of the corners of the building.

In Figure 29V of the drawings, the edges of the corners of the walls are shown sealed by a caulking strip 88.

Figures 30, 31 and 32 represent a modified form of connecting rod for the overlapping eyes of adjacent edges o'f the building walls, in this form of the invention the rods being of oval-shaped formation in cross-section as shown at 89 and adapted for insertion in the aligned eyes in the position as shown in Figure 31 whereby upon a turning movement of the rods to draw theadjacent ends of the walls together, as shown-in Figures 30 and 32.

In Figure 25 I have illustrated a sectional view of the connected ends of two wall units and emfbodying a construction for tying the walls together for larger buildings. t

The dotted lines represented at |22 indicate a finishing molding that may -be secured in position at the corners of the walls and ceiling.

The adjacent walls are Ydesignated at 90fand 9|j" having a vertical channel 92 in the outer surface of the walls at the abutting edges thereof and into which the ends of the reinforcing rods 93 project in overlapping relation. Cable clamps 94 are employed for connecting the ends of the rods 93 together. y

The channel 92 is `closed by a shell 94 laid in sections in superposed relation against the outer surface `of the walls and secured in position by tie wires 95 attached at one end to the rods 93 and having their other ends attached to metal loops 96 embedded on the inner surface of the shell. After the shells 94 have been secured in position, the channel 92 may then be filled with poured cement, thus acting as a bond for the adjacent ends of the walls.

Figures 26 and"27 represent a modified form ofv wall construction in which the wall may be re` duced in weight, the wall being constructed as heretofore explained and composed of the main or outer wall section 91 and the inner wall section 98 spaced therefrom and connected thereto by the stirrups 99. The innerface of the outer wall section 91 is formed with a plurality of vrecesses |00 separated by intersecting ribs |0| as shown to advantage in Figure 26, the recesses thus materially reducing the weight of the walls.

Figures 33 to 36, inclusive, represent a knockdown wall construction and include the foundation |02 upon which the walls |03Aare supported in upright position, the lower`edge of the walls having threaded metal sockets |04 embedded therein adapted for threadedly receiving bolts |05 extending upwardly through the foundation. The ceiling |06 has one edge resting on the top of the wall and also supported, on the upper edge of the wall outwardly of the ceiling is the fire wall |01 likewise connected in position by the bolts |08 and sockets |09.

As shown in Figure 34, the partition ||0 is also secured in position on a foundation by the bolts and sockets ||2 and ||3 and likewise anclzlligred to the ceiling by bolts and sockets ||4 and Should it be desired to raise the height ofthe d In Figure 37 I have illustrated a further modified wall construction for a knock-down type building of two or more stories and includes a lower wall section |23 having metal loops |24 projecting upwardly therefrom. The upper wall section |25 rests on the lower wall and is formed on its bottom with similarl loops |26 adapted to align with the loops |24 for receiving a retaining pin |21. v

lhe upper wall is of a width less than that of the lower wall to provide a shoulder |28 o`n which the edge of the iioor slabs |29 rest, the slabs preventing removal of the pins |21.

The upper inner surface Iof the upper ,wall is also :formed with a shoulder |30 toprovide a support for the ceiling. I

In constructing the wall units, a pouring table or shallow mold of any suitable size and construction is placed on the ground and the facing rocks or stones |3I are fitted closely together therein and cement mortar `poured between the ioints. The rocks are then prepared in the usual manner to. receive the concrete, which is poured to the Adesired thickness on the back of the facing formed The metal reinforcing network or rods are then I laid on the wet concrete and -pushed therein to become embedded in the desired position, the ends of the rods being formed with the eyes 31 or other l desired fastening devices which project from the edges of the wall to tie adjacent walls, floors, ceiling or other precast units thereto.

Ther stirrups I0 are pushed at one end into the wet concrete and project therefrom and after the concrete becomes sufliciently hardened, a coating of asphalt emulsion in Water is applied to provide a moisture-proof coating on the inner surface of the wall.

A layer of sand or similar chemically inert material to a depth of approximately three inches is then placed on the hardened concrete ,on top of which is poured a layer of concrete to form the inner wall 9 which is united lat one edge with the outer wall to form the foundation 5. The

inner wall may also be reinforced as heretofore explained and is maintained in spaced relation to the,outer wall by the stirrups I8.

After the walls are set. the sand may be drained through the openings 43 and the walls are then ready for assembling.

It-is -believed the details of construction and manner of use of the device will be readily understood from the foregoing without further detailed explanation. Y

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is:

In a building construction, awau unit of plastic material including a. base portion forming a founv dation, said wall unit having a vertical groove at its side edge, eyes'in the groove anchored in the wall, the eyes of adjacent units overlapping, and a. retaining rod inserted in said eyes, said rod being of oval shape in cross-section and adapted to draw the edges of the walls toward each other upon a partial rotation of the rod.

WILBUR V. MYER. 

